.H o l o c a u s t   S u r v i v o r s   a n d   R e m e m b r a n c e   P r o j e c t - Part IV -

T A B L E   O F   C O N T E N T S

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. . ..   ..   Courtesy of The Danish Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies <holocaust-uddannelse.dk>     <holocaust-education.dk> The Holocaust was "the ultimate crime against humanity" Germany's Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer The Nazi Holocaust remains a stark and terrible warning of the depths to which humankind can descend...  The Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr George Carey . IV. An Introduction to Holocaust Studies, Anti-Semitism and Related Topics Willy Brandt's Silent Apology On December 7, 1970, while in Warsaw for a commemorative service honoring the participants of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, the German Chancellor Willy Brandt kneels in front of the Monument, in an apparent gesture of apology, repentance, and reconciliation. Photo Credit: <dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2144598,00.html> German Chancellor, January 25, 2005. The Yellow Star: The Persecution of the Jews in Europe 1933-1945 . 1. Pre-Holocaust Studies  2. Holocaust Studies --Defining the Holocaust Origin of Holocaust Word --JewishGen's Databases --T4 Holocaust Jewish Resistance --Romaniania During Holocaust --Romani/Gypsy Holocaust --Gay Holocaust 3. The Ugly Face of Anti-Semitism The Anti-Semitic Poland --The New Anti-Semitism: Subtle and Coded 4. Vatican and the Holocaust --A Papal Apology Questioning the Protestant Church of Reconciliation at Dachau --Questioning the Silence of God 5. Other Victims and Intended Victims of the Nazi Era 6. Comprehensive List of Holocaust Study Sources 7. War Crimes and Holocaust Related Trials --Nuremberg Trials 8. Holocaust Denial on Trial 9. Post Holocaust Issues --The Sinister Face of "Neutrality" 10. Myths, Unfounded Stories, and Concocted Representations About the Holocaust "When you study the Holocaust, you are studying the highest level of organized hate in the history of mankind." John Conway, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus of History at the University of British Columbia, Canada, Director of the Association of Contemporary Church Historians   1. Pre-Holocaust Studies    The Israeli Coat of Arms features the Menorah, the candelabra used in the ancient Temple in Jerusalem. It, along with other Temple artifacts, was captured almost two millennia ago by the Romans during their siege of Jerusalem.    According to the historian Flavius Josephus, a Jew who lived at the time of the Romans, "Most of the spoils that were carried were heaped up indiscriminately, but more prominent than all the rest were those captured in the Temple at Jerusalem - a golden table weighing several hundred weight, and a lampstand similarly made of gold but differently constructed from those we normally use. The central shaft was fixed to a base, and from it extended slender branches placed like the prongs of a trident, and with the end of each one forged into a lamp: these numbered seven, signifying the honour paid to that number by the Jews." (Josephus, The Jewish War, G.A. Williamson, translator, Penguin, 1959.)    The Arch of Titus in Rome has on it a carving depicting the spoils of the Temple - including the Menorah - being carried triumphantly through Rome. The Menorah on the Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy. Courtesy of Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs      Special Jewish Historical Studies: Jewish Historian Flavius Josephus (37 CE - circa 100 CE ) whose works were more widely read in Europe than any book other than the Bible. They are an invaluable eye-witness to a momentous turning point in Judaism, Christianity, and Western civilization. Scholarly Study of the Works of Flavius Josephus The Works of Flavius Josephus (Translated by William Whiston) Seeds of Bitterness --Origins of the Nazi Party The Rise of Adolf Hitler from Unknown to the Dictator of Germany The Rise of Adolf Hitler How did Adolf Hitler rise from an aimless drifter and failed artist to become the most destructive politician of the 20th century? by U.K. Professor Jeremy Noakes Adolf Hitler's Syster, Paula From the German Encyclopedia: Germany, 1900-1945 First World War Weimar Republic Political Leaders Nazi Germany Resistance in Nazi Germany Second World War German Art Political Parties Foreign Policy Military Leaders Scientists in Nazi Germany The Holocaust The Prelude to the Holocaust: Nazi Policy (1933-1939) THE COMING OF THE WAR AND EASTERN EUROPE IN WORLD WAR II How Bush's Grandfather Helped Hitler's Rise to Power Jews in German-speaking academia in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries A Study of the Anglo-Jewish History: The Great Synagogue of London Editor's Definition of Pogrom .Pogroms (from USHMM) The Kielce Pogrom by Bozena Szaynok        2. Holocaust Studies   Why Study the Holocaust? United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The Holocaust Education Program Resource Guide "When you study the Holocaust, you are studying the highest level of organized hate in the history of mankind." John Conway, Ph.D.  Understanding the Holocaust leads to understanding hate. Studying the rise of the Nazis and their extermination of the Jews and other social undesirables is an exploration into how ordinary people can, through mass persuasion and social structural constraints, be led into committing genocide, the ultimate horror in human behavior. [Drs. Carol & Sam Edelman, California State University, Chico, USA] Jews Not Wanted Here Signs excluding Jews, such as the sign shown here, were posted in public places (including parks, theaters, movie houses, and restaurants) throughout Nazi Germany. From Yad Vashem: Basic Bibliography of the Holocaust From Simon Wiesenthal Center: The Holocaust, 1933-1945 T H E H O L O C A U S T Nazi Germany, 1933-1938 T H E H O L O C A U S T The Courage To Remember The Holocaust 1933-1945 Why The Jews? The Patterns of Persecution 1933: German Jewish Life Before The Nazis The "Jewish Question": Nazi Policy 1933-1939 The Nightmare Begins: Hitler And The Nazis Nazi Propaganda Slogans, Myths, and Images Nazi Policy: Racism and Terror Concentration Camps 1933-1938 In Flight: 1933-1938 1938: The Reich Expands Kristallnacht: The Night of Broken Glass Flight Without Escape: The Jewish Homeless The Deadly Philosophy: Racial Purity Moving Toward the "Final Solution", 1939-1941 All Necessary Preparations: 1933-1941 Eastern Europe: The Arena For Mass Murder Isolate and Destroy: The Jewish Question in Occupied Territory Days of Nightmare: The Lodz Ghetto The World Turned Upside Down: The Warsaw Ghetto Blitzkrieg: The Invasion and Occupation of The West No Escape: Greece and Yugoslavia Fall Whatever Can Be Saved: Daily Life In The Ghettos Annihilation in Nazi-occupied Europe, 1941-1945 The Final Solution Death By Design: The Invasion of The Soviet Union Einsatzgruppen: Mobile Killing Squads The Final Choice: Resistance Resistance and Revenge: The Warsaw Ghetto Revolt Mass Murder: 1942-1945 Theresienstadt: The "Model" Ghetto Like Dying Candles: Concentration Camp Routine The Enduring Spirit: Art of The Holocaust Auschwitz-Birkenau: The Death Factory Auschwitz-Birkenau: Half Hell, Half Lunatic Asylum The Last Agony at Auschwitz: Liberation, January 1945 A Righteous Few: Survival in Hiding and Rescue Liberation: The Unmasked Horror Liberation - Building New Lives Bitterness and Hope: The Legacy of The Holocaust Crimes Against Humanity: Nazis on Trial Where Now? Where to? The Displaced Revival: Building New Lives Remembrance and Vigilance 36 Questions About the Holocaust ~ From Simon Wiesenthal Learning Center ~ The Holocaust --A Guide for Teachers Holocaust Resources for Teachers Young Students Asks About Holocaust . Editor's Definition of the Holocaust Editor's Critical Assessment On the Current Mainstream Definitions and Usage of the Word 'Holocaust' Editor's Questions on the Origin of Terms Employed in the Romani Holocaust Studies with Answers by Texas University Professor, Dr. Ian Hancock Glossary of the Holocaust Another Glossary of the Holocaust The Holocaust: A Glossary of Terms A Holocaust Glossary A Glossary of Terms Associated with the Holocaust .Lexicon of the Holocaust The Language of the Camps An Investigative Study on the Etymology of the word "Holocaust" by John Petrie   The Secular Word "HOLOCAUST": Scholarly Sacralization, Twentieth Century Meanings by John Petrie Frequently Asked Question About the Holocaust [From The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum(USHMM)] Possible First Use of the term "Holocaust" to Describe the Nazis' Persecution and Genocide of the Jews What is Genocide? -- Origin of the Word The United States Definition of a Holocaust Survivor A Chronology of the Holocaust . JewishGen's Holocaust Databases A collection of databases containing information about Holocaust victims and survivors. It incorporates nearly 100 datasets which contain over one million entries. .   .From The Danish Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies . . Why did the Nazis murder the Jews? The answer to this question is highly debated among historians. Some have stated that it had always been Hitler's plan to exterminate the Jews, while others have perceived the mass murders as a result of a long and curved process, where the Nazi Jewish policy was gradually radicalised. The Jews' presence in the German-occupied parts of Europe was seen as a problem and a great annoyance. At best, they were to disappear from the face of the earth, so that the Nazis could reach their goal: a Greater Germany free from Jews. Different solutions were tried: voluntary immigration, forced immigration, and several different plans for deportation. Plans surfaced to deport all the Jews to the east, first to eastern Poland, then to Siberia. Serious plans were also developed that included deporting all European Jews to the island of Madagascar, of the east coast of Africa. All these plans had to be dropped, however, because of the war. At the same time, the Nazis had gained experience with systematic mass murder in the form of the Euthanasia Programme, where physically and psychologically disabled were killed by the state. This constituted the crossing of an important psychological barrier. Another such barrier was crossed with the beginning of the Germans' incredibly cruel war of extermination against the Soviet Union, which commenced in June 1941. All usual conventions for warfare were dropped at the beginning of this 'the final battle against Judeo-Bolshevism'. The result of the frustrations with the unsuccessful deportation plans, of the experiences with the euthanasia actions, of the war with the Soviet Union, and not least of the wish to find the 'Final Solution to the Jewish Question' --all these elements lead to the systematic mass murder of approximately 6 million Jews. . . .<www.holocaust-education.dk/holocaust/hvadhvemhvor.asp>   .From The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum .   What is the Origin of the Word "Holocaust"? The word holocaust comes from the ancient Greek, olos meaning "whole" and kaustos or kautos meaning "burnt." Appearing as early as the fifth century B.C.E., the term can mean a sacrifice wholly consumed by fire or a great destruction of life, especially by fire. While the word holocaust, with a meaning of a burnt sacrificial offering, does not have a specifically religious connotation, it appeared widely in religious writings through the centuries, particularly for descriptions of "pagan" rituals involving burnt sacrifices. In secular writings, holocaust most commonly came to mean "a complete or wholesale destruction," a connotation particularly dominant from the late nineteenth century through the nuclear arms race of the mid-twentieth century. During this time, the word was applied to a variety of disastrous events ranging from pogroms against Jews in Russia, to the persecution and murder of Armenians by Turks during World War I, to the attack by Japan on Chinese cities, to large-scale fires where hundreds were killed. Early references to the Nazi murder of the Jews of Europe continued this usage. As early as 1941, writers occasionally employed the term holocaust with regard to the Nazi crimes against the Jews, but in these early cases, they did not ascribe exclusivity to the term. Instead of "the holocaust," writers referred to "a holocaust," one of many through the centuries. Even when employed by Jewish writers, the term was not reserved to a single horrific event but retained its broader meaning of large-scale destruction. For example: You are meeting at a time of great tragedy for our people. In our ... deep sense of mourning for those who have fallen ... we must steel our hearts to go on with our work ... that perhaps a better day will come for those who will survive this holocaust. (Chaim Weizmann, letter to Israel Goldstein, December 24, 1942) What sheer folly to attempt to rebuild any kind of Jewish life [in Europe] after the holocaust of the last twelve years! (Zachariah Shuster, Commentary, December 1945, p.10) By the late 1940s, however, a shift was underway. Holocaust (with either a lowercase or capital H) became a more specific term due to its use in Israeli translations of the word sho'ah. This Hebrew word had been used throughout Jewish history to refer to assaults upon Jews, but by the 1940s it was frequently being applied to the Nazis' murder of the Jews of Europe. (Yiddish-speaking Jews used the term churbn, a Yiddish translation of sho'ah.) The equation of holocaust with sho'ah was seen most prominently in the official English translation of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948, in the translated publications of Yad Vashem throughout the 1950s, and in the journalistic coverage of the Adolf Eichmann trial in Israel in 1961. Such usage strongly influenced the adoption of holocaust as the primary English-language referent to the Nazi slaughter of European Jewry, but the word's connection to the "Final Solution" did not firmly take hold for another two decades. The April 1978 broadcast of the TV movie, Holocaust, based on Gerald Green's book of the same name, and the very prominent use of the term in [United States President] Jimmy Carter's creation of the President's Commission on the Holocaust later that same year, cemented its meaning in the English-speaking world. These events, coupled with the development and creation of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum through the 1980s and 1990s, established the term Holocaust (with a capital H) as the standard referent to the systematic annihilation of European Jewry by Germany's Nazi regime. . .<www.ushmm.org/research/library/faq/details.php?topic=01#02>   Nazi Propaganda: 1933-1945 Nazi Propaganda by Joseph Goebbels,1933-1945 The Racial Theories of the Nazis From the Night of the [Kristallnacht] Pogrom to the Final Solution: Experiences and Lessons by Gerhart M. Riegner On The "Sonderkommando" ("Special Commando") Sonderkommando Auschwitz   We did the dirty work of the Holocaust ...   NOTE: In Google's automatic translation (from the original German to English) that is posted, the expression "special command" needs to be substituted with the word "Sonderkommando." The original German translation can also be accessed therein. Sonderkommando by Jacqueline Shields From Yad Vashem on the Sonderkommando Jewish Working Kommando's in the Aktion Reinhard Death Camps While Nazi Germany proceeded to  systematically round up and execute Jews, the rest of the world closed its eyes and its doors.  by Rabbi Ken Spiro Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units) in action Euthanasia --the 'Mercy Killing' of Disabled People in Germany Nazi Persecution of the Mentally and Physically Disabled Nazi Persecution of the Disabled: Murder of "The Unfit" Primary Documents: Nazi Extermination of People with Mental Disabilities Victims of the Holocaust with Disabilities T4 - Hitler's Murder Program Global Eugenics and the Psychiatric/Eugenic Holocaust by Robert Meinsma The Cost-Effectiveness of Killing: An Overview of Nazi "Euthanasia" by John E. Gardella, MD History of Deaf Holocaust Victims by Sharon Ann Soudakoff Deaf People in Hitler's Europe The Holocaust and the Sterilization of "Abnormal" People The Deaf Holocaust: Deaf People and the Nazi Germany Hitler's Unwanted Children In der Nacht An unusual exhibit depicts the Nazi persecution of deaf people Children and the Holocaust Children of the Holocaust Era The Holocaust Revisited: A Retrospective Analysis of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Extermination Complex             (with Aerial Reconnaissance Imageries) Studies on the Holocaust: The Assault on Humanity From Prejudice & Ideology to Murder, Genocide & Shoah Lectures by Edith Shaked, Pima Community College, Tucson, Arizona, USA. The Evolution of Tattooing in the Auschwitz Concentration Camp Complex The Wannsee List  . Jewish underground fighters who fell into German hands during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. . Jewish Civilians Rounded up in the Warsaw Ghetto. Of all the occupied countries, the percentage of Jews saved in Poland was the smallest, since the predominant attitude was hostile, while rescue was an exception to the rule. [Isaiah Trunk] Slovakia was the only country that paid Nazi Germany to deport its Jews. WHY 80 percent of the Italian Jews survive the Holocaust while 80 percent of the Jewish population in other parts of Europe perish? The S.S. St. Louis after 60 Years The Dachau Gas Chambers by Harry W. Mazal OBE An Essay on the Dachau Gas Chambers (with First Hand Documentation) A Question on the Usage of the Dachau Gas Chambers A Pictorial of the Dachau Gas Chambers J E W I S H R E S I S T A N C E   The Jewish Resistance During the Holocaust Resistance in the Camps The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising by Marek Edelman Photo Gallery: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising The Miles Lerman Center for the Study of Jewish Resistance Jewish Partisans in the Holocaust Holocaust Timeline: Resistance Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation Resistance in the Holocaust Selected Books on Jewish Holocaust Resistance Selected Web Resources on the Jewish Holocaust Resistance Resistance Reconsidered: The Women of the Political Department at Auschwitz-Birkenau Jewish Resistance: Bibliography / General Works . Not much is known about Belzec Concentration Camp, where one million Jews perished. No one survived to tell its stories. Rabbi Shaul Rosenblatt Yad Vashem Study -- "Operation Reinhard": Extermination Camps of Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka Oral and Written Testimonies: Lithuania and the Holocaust Two Studies on the History of the Jewish Community in the city of Grodno, Belarus: 1. Lost Jewish Worlds: The Communities of Grodno, Lida, Olkieniki, Vishay 2. Documents Concerning the Murder of 29000 Jews of Grodno By the Germans, 1941-1943 A Forgotten Chapter: Holland Under the Third Reich Why Did Denmark Jews Survive While Dutch Jews Died in the Holocaust? Holocaust: The Untold Story From Encyclopædia Britannica: . From PBS: America and the Holocaust (Primary Documents) 1. Barring U.S. Doors To Aliens/Refugees 2. News Of Extermination Reaches U.S. 3. President Roosevelt's Apparent Reluctance To Help Europe's Jews  4. Bermuda Conference 5. Something Can Be Done: War Refugee Board 6. Bombing Railways And Auschwitz Half-Century Later, a New Look at Argentine-Nazi Ties Greater Bulgaria, Macedonia, and the Holocaust Hungary After the German Occupation June 15, 1944: Hungarian Jews deported to Auschwitz The Holocaust in Hungary, 1944: The Role of the Non-Jewish Hungarians The Holocaust and Hungarian Jewry Hungarian Nazis (Arrow Cross Party) One Personal Story to the Road of the Holocaust Hungarian Jewish KMSZ (Military Forced Laborer) List A Community Destroyed: 60 Years Since the Annihilation of Hungarian Jewry by Professor Israel Gutman and Dr. Robert Rozett Extensive Related Links To "Hungary: The Last Major Jewish People Facing Nazi Destruction" by Dr. Judith Fai-Podlipnik Hitler's Plans for Eastern Europe Selections from Janusz Gumkowkski and Kazimierz Leszczynski, "Poland Under Nazi Occupation" Jewish History of Poland During the Holocaust Period The Disabling Mode: Poles in Jewish Discourse On the Complexity of the Jewish-Polish Tumultuous Relationship Italy and the Jews Conference Asks How Italian Jews Survived A Research Paper on the Holocaust in Italy On the Killings of the "Undesirable" Children in Austria by the Nazis and the Need for Accountability and Justice France and the Holocaust . ROMANIA DURING THE HOLOCAUST YEARS     Ion Antonescu and Hermann Göring in Vienna, Austria <ilexikon.com/Geschichte_Rumaeniens.html> Hitler [left] greets the Romanian Marshal and Prime Minister Antonescu during Antonescu's January 2, 1943, State visit to Germany. Romania During World War II The Iasi Pogrom: The First Stage of the Physical Destruction of Romanian Jewry The Destruction of the Jews of Romania Romania Facing Its Past: Romania, After Long Denying the Existence of the Holocaust Within its Territories, Admits its Existence. The Romanian Newspaper "ZIUA" Carries the Headline "There Was Holocaust" With the Picture of the Romanian-born Elie Wiesel and the Former Romanian President Ion Iliescu. The Report of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania <flickr.com/photos/7711591@N04/2274902513/> Elisabeth Gersch (née Grunfeld) was born in 1914 in Tirgu-Mures, Transylvania (Romania). She was married to Rudolph and they lived in Deda Bisztra, Romania where Elisabeth was a housewife. In 1936 they had a daughter whom they named Eva (in photograph). During the war, the family lived in the Regin ghetto. Elisabeth and Eva were deported to Auschwitz, where they were gassed in 1944. Elisabeth was 40 and Eva was 8 years old. The photograph and Pages of Testimony in their memory were submitted to Yad Vashem by Elisabeth's niece Adela Ganea, herself a Holocaust survivor, living in Haifa, Israel. .. The Jewish History of Romania Romania during World War II Marcu Rozen's Book Online: " The Holocaust in Romania Under the Antonescu Government" [PDF] Matatias Carp: The Holocaust in Romania Facts and Documents On The Annihilation of Romania's Jews, 1940-1944. Former Chief Rabbi of Romania, Alexander Safran dies at 95 A Biographical sketch: Chief Rabbi of Romania from 1940 to 1947 From Yad Vashem: Romanian-German Relations Before and During the Holocaust The Holocaust Period in Romania The Holocaust in Romania Background Information on Romania and the Holocaust from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The Holocaust in Romania: Facts and Documents On The Annihilation of Romania's Jews 1940-1944 (PDF format) From Yad Vashem: Romania: The Journey To Truth Yad Vashem's Response to Romanian Government's Statement that "There Was No Holocaust in Romania" From Yad Vashem: An Introduction to The National Romanian Legionary State and Its Attempt to Solve the "Jewish Question" An Introduction to the Infamous Iron Guard of Romania The Iron Guard were particularly infamous for the virulence with which they participated in what was later to become known as the Holocaust.In The Destruction of the European Jews, Raul Hilberg writes, "There were... instances when the Germans actually had to step in to restrain and slow down the pace of the Romanian measures." The annihilation of the Jews of eastern Romania (including Bessarabia, Bucovina, Transnistria, and the city of Iasi) had more the character of a pogrom than of the well-organized brutality of the transports and camps. The Bucharest Pogrom:January 21 - 23, 1941 . The Jewish Spanish Temple in Bucharest, Romania, after being looted, is burn to the ground. Sephardic synagogue destroyed during the January 21-23 Iron Guard pogrom. Bucharest, Romania, January 1941.    A scene from the Vasile Alecsandri Street located near Unirii Square in Iasi, Romania on June 29, 1941 <ushmm.org/wlc/media_ph.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005183&MediaId=853> <ziaruldeiasi.ro/cms/site/z_is/news/aruncat_de_viu_in_mormint_145051.html> Romanian Jews Remember the Killings Holocaust survivor and renown writer Victor Barladeanu remembers when his family of some 20 people had to hid in the attic to escape from the mobs... Jews in front of the Police Station Building in Iasi, Romania, being forced to scrub the street pavement in cleaning up the Jews blood. (June 30, 1941.) <www.ziaruldeiasi.ro/cms/site/z_is/news/aruncat_de_viu_in_mormint_145051.html> Deportation of Romanian Jews from Gura Humorului to Transnistria under the direct orders of Marshal Ion Antonescu The Killings in Transnistria Transnistria, the artificial name for "the Romanian Auschwitz" "The Romanian Auschwitz" --Transnistria: The Giant Forgotten Cemetery An Historical Account of the Holocaust in Transnistria Life and Death in Transnistria: The Chronological Order of Events October 1,1941 - March 20,1944 by Matatias Carp A Short History of Gura Humorului Jewish Community Transnistria: Lists of Jews Receiving and Sending Support Crossing the Dniester to Transnistria (Eyewitness Account) Statement of Ruth Glasberg Gold, Romanian Holocaust Survivor, Before the 2009 United Nations Commemoration In Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust (Eyewitness Account) Balta Ghetto "Druker's List - My Lost Tribe" by Zvi Oster - Diagrammatic Evidence of Annihilation of Romanian Jews in Moghilev [Mogilev, U.S.S.R ], Transnistria -- Dubossary Memorial Book (Dubasari, Moldova) The Establishment of the Ghetto in Chisinau and of the Camps in Bessarabia, 1941-1944 Camps and Ghettos in Bessarabia . .   Romania and the Holocaust From Yad Vashem: Romanian-German Relations Before and During the Holocaust Romanian Jews Recall "Death Trains"at Podul Iloaiei, Romania Radauti, Romania --once with a thriving Jewish Community completely decimated See also, Radauti from Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities in Romania, Vol. 2 Jews of Radauti [Radautz (Radevits)]: Victims of the Holocaust in Transnistria, 1941-44 The Anatomy of a Massacre: Sarmas, Romania 1944 Photo Exhibit of the Memorial to Jews massacred at Sarmas, Romania in 1944 Romania's Wartime Past During the Holocaust as Revealed through these entries: Ref. 1, Ref. 2, Ref. 3, Ref. 4, Ref. 5, Ref. 6, Ref. 7, Ref. 8, Ref. 9, Ref. 10, Ref. 11, and, a Photo Exhibit and a Photo Album Nazi hunt yields Romania war crimes suspects Holocaust Swiss Site on the Romania's Gypsies   DISTORTION, NEGATIONISM, AND MINIMALIZATION OF THE HOLOCAUST IN POSTWAR ROMANIA The "Death" Train, Iasi (Jassy), Romania (June 1941) (Photo Credit: Archive of the Center for the Study of the History of Romanian Jewry, Bucharest.) Editor's Note -- In response to those that still claim that the Holocaust did not exist within the territories of Romania, we posted herein one of the many pictures available that is able to refute such a preposterous claim: On the railroad car on the right, we can see the inscription "CFR" standing in the Romanian language for "Caile Ferate Romane" that is the signature-emblem of the Romanian railroad transport. In Memoriam: From Iasi, Romania: USHMM photo credit . A Homage to the 1941 Martyrs of the Yassy (Iasi) Pogrom by Romanian Composer Serban Nichifor . Jewish women under the guard of Romanian soldiers. Kishenev, summer of 1941. <factsofisrael.com/blog/archives/000354.html> Nazi hunt yields Romania war crimes suspects .Radio Romania International: Romania and the Holocaust From Yad Vashem: Solidarity and Rescue --Romanian Righteous Among the Nations Romanian Jewish Museum of Bucharest (With Selected Romanian Holocaust Web Sites) Romania Opened in Transylvania its Frst, Fully Functional Holocaust Memorial Museum on Sept. 11, 2005 (with Oliver Lustig as one of its keynote speakers) . . § August 2, Each Year § Romani Extermination Remembrance Day   The Holocaust and Gypsies -- The World Wide Web Virtual Library "Uniqueness of the Victims: Gypsies, Jews, and the Holocaust" by Dr. Ian Hancock Romanies and the Holocaust: A Reevaluation and an Overview by Dr. Ian Hancock The Forgotten Victims of the Holocaust: Porrajmos "The Romani Holocaust: Responses to the Porrajmos" by Dr. Ian Hancock "The Roofs of Antigypsyism:To the Holocaust and After" by Dr. Ian Hancock A Brief Romani Holocaust Chronology by Dr. Ian Hancock Romani Holocaust Tragedy from Helsinki Commission Modern History Sourcebook: Gypsies in the Holocaust Porrajmos --The Gypsy Holocaust Liquidation of the Gypsy Camp in Birkenau "Gypsies: A Persecuted Race" by William A. Duna Romanies in Hungary "The Roma/Gypsies of Europe: A Persecuted People" by Dr. Margaret Brearley The Road to Porrajmos, the Gypsy Holocaust "The Roma and the Holocaust of World War II: Victims, Then and Now" by Julia Hajdu The 'Devouring': A look at the Romani Holocaust Himmler's Circular of December 8, 1938: "Combating the Gypsy Nuisance" The Plight of Czech Gypsies in the Holocaust and Today by Paul J. Polansky From the Czech Republic: The Roma Holocaust The Deportation of Gypsies to Transnistria On the Deportation of the Roma (Gypsies) and Their Treatment in Transnistia (From the Final Report of November 11, 2004, of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania) From The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Roma and Sinti Under-Studied Victims of Nazism             Serbs and Romanies (Gypsies) who have been rounded up for deportation are marched to the Kozara and Jasenovac concentration camps. . . Homosexual prisoners in Sachsenhausen, 1938 (NARA: 242-HLB-3609-25) The Nazi Persecution of Homosexuals An Annotated Bibliography of Nonfiction Sources in English Homosexuality and the Nazi Party The Gay Holocaust - Nazi Persecution Selected Articles on The Nazi Persecution of Homosexuals from the French "Triangles Roses" website ------> Editor's NOTE: An English translation from the original French of the "Triangles Roses" website is posted in here. Lost Lives by Hosi Wen . The Spanish Holocaust and the Cover-Up that Lasted a Generation Echoes of the Holocaust: Orphaned Child Survivors Compared to Child Survivors Whose Parents Also Survived the Holocaust Mengele: The Complete Story Report on a Nazi Doctor Experimenting on Holocaust Gay Prisoners Moral Dilemmas Faced by Jewish Doctors During the Holocaust Body Disposal at Auschwitz: The End of Holocaust-Denial Reflections on Judenrat On the Complex Issue Surrounding the Judenrat of Amsterdam Jewish Ghetto Police and the Judenrat On the Jewish Police Some Thoughts on the Role Played by the Jewish Police   3. The Ugly Face of Anti-Semitism Unleashed with Full Furry Before, During, and After the Holocaust... Anti-Semitism -- A History of Hate as the World's Longest Hatred Anti-Semitism, strictly defined as prejudice directed at the Jewish people, has existed in one form or another ever since Judaism's beginnings. Often referred to as the oldest hatred, anti-Semitism originally was based on the mistrust of a religion whose God is invisible and all-powerful. Even today, the anti-Semite uses the word "Jew" not in religious terms, but in social, economic and political contexts. [Florida Holocaust Museum] .    Some Pictures from the Nazi Era that Can Speak Volumes...    Nazi storm troopers block the entrance to a Jewish-owned store in Berlin. Their signs read: "Germans, defend yourselves against the Jewish atrocity propaganda, buy only at German shops!" and "Germans, defend yourselves, buy only at German shops!" (Credit: U.S. National Archives, William Blye Collection, and USHMM)   The coordinated Nazi vandalism of Kristallnacht ( "The Night of Broken Glass") : Night of Nov. 9-10, 1938 when Jewish shopwindows were smashed all over Nazi Germany. . Some Nazi fun .Humiliation of Jews in Vienna, Austria of 1938 . Jewish Polish Children struggling to survive Largest Synagogue in the World Destroyed During 'Kristallnacht' The largest synagogue in the world when completed in 1866, the 'Neue Synagogue' in Berlin was burnt on 'Kristallnacht', 9th of November 1938, and further destroyed by air raids in 1943. The synagogue, built in elaborate Neo-Moorish style, was one of the most impressive of all 19th century European synagogues, and indeed, the largest synagogue in the world when completed, it seated some 3,200 congregants.The exterior was restored in the late 1980s, and the building reconstructed as a community centre for Berlin's re-emerging community, following the fall of East Germany and communist Soviet Union. <movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/jewish/holocaust/holocaust.htm> . Nazis soldiers having some fun... [From Yad Vashem Archives] . . "Scientific" Jew Hatred . The Anti-Semitic Poland and the Holocaust P O L A N D Fallout from the War: Anti-Semitism in Poland "Our Jewish neighbors were murdered in a bestial way" Polish Prime Minister Marek Belka Take Radzilow, Poland During the Holocaust THE JEDWABNE AFFAIR Take Jedwabne in Poland During the Holocaust and the Government's Meaningless Apology Towards Jews after the Holocaust (victims are remembered by the Polish President but no one is blamed for the massacre -sic!)      .   . Poles Face Truth of Jedwabne: 1,600 Jews Slain by Neighbours -- not Nazis The 60th Anniversary of the Jedwabne Pogrom (July 10, 1941) Pole Position: The Anniversary of the Infamous Jedwabne Polish Pogrom Prompts Debate, Soul Searching Voices on the Jedwabne Tragedy (A Comprehensive Reference Listing) Reflections on the Jedwabne Debate The Kielce Pogrom of July 4, 1946 A Case Study of the Pogrom in Kielce, Poland Editor's Remarks on Poland's Deep-Rooted Anti-Semitism   And a Response with Love ... Open Letter to Mr. Brattman "Polish mothers should spell your name to their children, to imprint in them a fear of a Zionist monster." Poland, One Year After Auschwitz, Being Involved In the Worst Peacetime Pogrom in 20th-century Europe       Jews being buried in Kielce, Poland, in 1946 --one year after the Nazi Holocaust ended, as a result of the Kielce massacre committed by ordinary Polish citizens against their own neighbouring Jews that were able to survive the Holocaust.       To squash these revelations, the 2008 Public Prosecutor of Krakow, Poland announced that it will prosecute anyone under a 2006 law prohibiting anyone from asserting that "the Polish nation" was involved in crimes or atrocities committed by Nazis or communists.       Yes, facing the truth is not easy for a nation where the Anti-semitism appeared to be part of its fabric. The Polish poet Czeslaw Milosz once said that Poland's Communist rulers fulfilled the dream of Polish nationalists by creating an ethnically pure state. That was in the end Hitler's ultimate dream --that of creating an ethnically "pure" Europe. Poland to Prosecute Historian? A Take From the Editor The Kielce Pogrom triggered a massive westward migration of hundreds of thousands of Jews who had survived the Holocaust. The movement, known as the Brihah, brought Jews from Poland and other eastern European countries to Displaced Persons Camps (DPCs) located in the western zones of occupied Germany and Austria, and in Italy. [US Holocaust Memorial Museum] from a Canadian, Polish-born, Dr. Piotr Bein, a self-proclaimed "Dr." and "specialist" in de-bunking propaganda And a Counterpunch From Polish Center for Holocaust Research: The Holocaust happened on our soil [Poland], in full view of the Polish society. The Holocaust is an integral part --whether one wants it, or not-- of Polish history. For Poles, the experience of the Holocaust remains a unique event and carries with it extraordinary responsibilities. Nevertheless, in terms of social awareness, Shoah seems to belongs to Jewish rather than to Polish history. Even today many Poles feel ill at ease, threatened or outright disappointed by the Jewish perceptions of the Holocaust and oftentimes the Jews are seen as rivals in the martyrology competition. Despite the recent historical research and public debates, culminating with the discussion around the Jedwabne crime, Polish society largely ignores the issues related to the Holocaust. Still too many myths and lies are finding their way to the public sphere and enter public circulation. <holocaustresearch.pl/index1(en).htm> Poland's Wartime Past During the Holocaust The Kielce Pogrom of Poland of July 4, 1946 New Evidence on The Jewish Pogrom in Kielce . From the Current Krakow Church of Poland: "The Kikes Will Not Continue to Spit on Us." February 2008 The Culmination of the "Final Solution"of Jewish Question in Slovakia Balkan Anti-Semitism Issues The State of Anti-Semitism in Today's Hungary New Findings on the Behavior of Hungarian Authorities During the Holocaust The State of Anti-Semitism in Today's Romania Survivor Pushes Romania to Admit Role in Holocaust Review by Dr. Stuart D. Stein of the book "The Destruction of Romanian and Ukrainian Jews During the Antonescu Era" (Randolph L. Braham, ed.) -- No Clean Hands: The Antonescu Regime and its Anti-Jewish Policies (1941-1944) Anti-Semitism in Romania and Hungary and the Migration of Holocaust Survivors France's Jewish Problem: The Anti-Semitism France Amasses Bitter Evidence 5 Decades After Holocaust December 3, 2003: The Ugly Face of Anti-Semitism Resurfaces in France Look Back on Perpetrators, Victims, Bystanders & Rescuers How IBM Aided Hitler IBM link to Final Solution Revealed Behind the Cutting Edge: Hitler and IBM Did A Company And A Machine Spawn Evil? IBM and the Holocaust: The Strategic Alliance Between Nazi Germany and America's Most Powerful Corporation "Power, Ignorance, and Anti-Semitism: Henry Ford and His War on Jews" by Jonathan R. Logsdon Henry Ford was no Oskar Schindler Complicity by Governments in the Nazi Holocaust: France, Germany, and Switzerland The United States' Silence About Early Days of Holocaust On Truman's "Cultural" Anti-Semitism . The New Anti-Semitism: Subtle and Coded .    Kings, pharaohs, generals, fuehrers, Moslem extremists, and more have tried to exterminate the Jews for millennia. The Bible predicts the persecution of both Jews and Christians in many Scriptural references, with an intensification in the "end-times." The Arab world fans the flames of anti-Semitism, as well as much of Europe and even Canada.    It has become more obvious in America with the push for a Palestinian state. Many, though certainly not all, who are pushing in America for a Palestinian state, and particularly on U.S. campuses, have anti-Semitic sentiment. .   In 1992, the late Simon Wiesenthal at a Jewish cemetery in Eisenstadt, Austria, that had been vandalized by right-wing extremists. [European PressPhoto Agency] . Neo-Nazi defacement of Jewish cemetery of Brumath, close to Strasbourg, France, October 31, 2004.. [Reuters] <en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:FrenchCemetery103004-01.jpg> <worldjewishnewsagency.org/hero_of_the_jewish_people__serie.htm> Unidentified people desecrated the Holocaust monument in Odessa, Ukraine late Sunday, February 18, 2007 with red swastikas and with an inscription: "Congratulations on the Holocaust." . From United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Anti-Semitism --A Continuing Threat The Canary in Europe's Mine by Jeff Jacoby of The Boston Globe In the aftermath of the Holocaust, open Jew-hatred became unfashionable; but fashions change, and Europe is reverting to type. The Nazis first set out to incinerate the Jews; in the end, all of Europe was ablaze. Background Information on the New Anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism, The Pipeline of Hatred The Multiple Faces of Anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism: How Deep are the Roots? A Shameful Contagion of Anti-Semitism in Europe The New Antisemitism: A volatile mix of anti-Israel and anti-Jewish hostility A New Antisemitism? by Rabbi Professor Jonathan Sacks, Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth, London, UK. The New Face of Anti-Semitism Silence Greets The New Anti-Semitism The "New" French Anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism at 'Le Monde' and Beyond A May 2005 landmark ruling by a French court finds its leading paper guilty of slandering Israel and Jewish people. Selected Articles on the New, Modern Anti-Semitism Nazi Chants During Soccer Game in Germany -- October, 2006 Mass Murder of Jews Planned in Prague -- October, 2006 The Six Million Person Question--WSJ---Oct. 4 -- October, 2006 The New Anti-Semitism---Sept. 28 -- September, 2006 The Islamization of European Anti-Semitism -- September, 2006 Anti-Semitic Hate Wave -- September, 2006 Moving On to Anti-Semitism -- September, 2006 Venezuela's Jews Fear Anti-Semitism -- August, 2006 Dousing the Flames of Anti-Semitism -- August, 2006 Driven to Aliya (Anti-Semitism)---Aug. 18 -- August, 2006 Iran Unveils Holocaust Cartoon Contest--Fox---Aug. 15 -- August, 2006 Mel, Kofi, and Me -- August, 2006 Anti-Zionism Equals Anti-Semitism -- July, 2006 In Spain, Anti-Semitism is a New Leftist Trend -- July, 2006 Apocalyptic Muslim Jew Hatred -- July, 2006 European Anti-Semitism Makes Horrible Comeback--C. Today -- June, 2006 How One Jewish Believer Escaped Hitler's Hell -- May, 2006 Jew-Hatred: France's National Sport -- May, 2006 Holocaust Denied by Alabama Candidate -- May, 2006 Never Again? Krauthammer -- May, 2006 Denying the Holocaust--WND -- April, 2006 Europe Cautiously Welcomes Kadima--J. Post -- March, 2006 Anti-Semitism High in Canada -- March, 2006 Why the World Hates Jews -- March, 2006 Ilan Halimi and Jews Leaving Europe -- March, 2006 The Barbarians of Europe -- February, 2006 Every Jew is on the Frontlines of War -- February, 2006 The War Against (Dead) Jews -- February, 2006 Hugo Chavez Veers into Anti-Semitism--Weekly Standard -- February, 2006 The Anti-Semitic Divestment Campaign -- February, 2006 Iran's Holocaust Cartoon Contest -- February, 2006 I'ts Us Who Should be Offended--JWR -- February, 2006 Wake Up and Smell the Gunpowder -- February, 2006 "Cool" Anti-Semitism -- January, 2006 Growing Anti-Semitism in U.S. Schools -- December, 2005 Wolfensohn: Israel Threatens Peace Process -- October, 2005 "Never Remember" the Holocaust -- September, 2005 Leftist Jew Haters--Horowitz -- August, 2005 WCC Says Divestment Not Anti-Semitic (!) -- July, 2005 Disciplined for Opposing Anti-Semitism in U.K. -- June, 2005 United Methodist Church Divests from Israel -- June, 2005 Leftist Campusus and Politically Correct Anti-Semitism--CBN -- May, 2005 Celebrating the Miracle of Survival -- May, 2005 Reflections on Yom HaShoah -- May, 2005 The Church of Anti-Semitism -- April, 2005 The Terrifying Resurgence of European Anti-Semitism -- March, 2005 Anti-Semitic Attacks Up 42% in One Year in U.K. -- March, 2005 Mainline Christian Anti-Semitism -- March, 2005 Caving in to Hezbollah--Wash. Times -- March, 2005 Iran:Don't Risk All Middle East Oil -- March, 2005 Visas for Terror--Mowbray -- March, 2005 Anti-Semitism Re-visited -- February, 2005 The Face of Anti-Semitism--Jacoby -- February, 2005 A Third Intifadeh--NewsMax -- February, 2005 World Council of Churches Calls for Israel Divestment -- February, 2005 British Press Fuels U.K. Anti-Semitism -- February, 2005 The New Anti-Semitism--Pipes -- February, 2005 Attacks on British Jews Hits New High -- February, 2005 Dominion Theology and Anti-Semitism--Ice -- January, 2005 The Religious Left and the Holocaust -- January, 2005 British Muslims Cheapen the Holocaust -- January, 2005 Enlightened Europe Has Jew-Hatred Out of Control--JWR -- January, 2005 So, We're Hated--Prager -- January, 2005 Anti-Semitism, the Church and the Last Days--Kinsella -- January, 2005 Europe Alarmed at Leap in Anti-Semitism -- December, 2004 Rabbi to Jews: Leave Europe -- December, 2004 Fatal Failure: Not Seeing Anti-Zionsim is Anti-Semitism--NRO -- December, 2004 As Attacks Rise In France, Jews Flee To Israel -- November, 2004 CNN: Blame The Jews! -- November, 2004 How Academia Declared Open Season On The Jews -- October, 2004 Anti-Semitism Bill Opposed By State Department--WND -- October, 2004 The New Anti-Semitism--Wash. Times -- October, 2004 The Koran And Anti-Semitism -- June, 2004 "This Reminds Us Of The 1930's"--J. Post -- April, 2004 White Europeans Behind Anti-Semitism, Not Europe's Muslims -- April, 2004 Over 1500 Anti-Semitic Attacks in U.S. In 2003 -- March, 2004 The Longest Hatred--Christianity Today -- March, 2004 Canadian Anti-Semitism--Christian Embassy, Jerusalem -- March, 2004 Is The Gospel Anti-Semitic? -- March, 2004 Is European-Style Anti-Semitism Coming to America?--NRO -- March, 2004 Anti-Semitism In 3D--Natan Sharansky -- February, 2004 Expose Anti-Israelism For What It Is -- February, 2004 Henry Ford's Legacy -- December, 2003 College Film Festival: Kill The Jews -- December, 2003 The Scourge Of Anti-Semitism Spreads Its Venom -- December, 2003 Woolsey: Hatred Of Jews Threatening Rule Of Law -- November, 2003 On Hating The Jews: The Link Between Anti-Semitism & Anti-Americanism -- November, 2003 A New Form Of Anti-Semitism--Kinsella -- November, 2003 Graffiti On History's Wall -- October, 2003 Anti-Semitism's Global Comeback -- October, 2003 The Anatomy Of An Anti-Semite -- October, 2003 Who Hates Israel Now? -- October, 2003 Time To Sound The Alarm -- October, 2003 The Scariest Time For Jews Since The Holocaust -- October, 2003 Selected website on Anti-Semitism From Scholars for Peace in the Middle East:           On Anti-Semitism in Academia Anti-Semitism in Swedish Academia: The Bergman Affaire A Troubling Upsurge of American Anti-Semitism THE NEW ANTI-SEMITISM: The Current Crisis and What We Must Do About It Anti-Semitism/Anti-Israel On Campuses Dr. Andrew Wilkie's Lab of Oxford University, UK: Israeli Jews Need Not Apply Anti-Semitism On US Campus Schooled in Hate: Anti-Semitism on Campus Anti-Semitism On Campus: Past and Present The new anti-Semitism is a much quieter and more insidious force. It comes from a newly-emerging American ideology dictating that anything goes as long as you're attacking the people in power. Anti-Semitism on Campus by Harvard University Professor Ruth R. Wisse Hundreds of university presidents have either spoken out publicly or signed a statement deploring the presence of anti-Semitism on campus. But none has tried to explain the phenomenon, much less undertaken to do anything about it Free Speech and Hate Speech at Duke University (USA) , Round I Damage Control, Tulane Style (USA) Plater Robinson, Education "Specialist" and Director of Education of The Southern Institute for Education & Research of Tulane University, New Orleans, LA , USA, who has next-to-zero academic credentials (no Ph.D. degree of any known accredited school) upon challenging "in the name of informing us" the credibility of the information*** posted in the celebrated Auschwitz Album as a result perhaps of our posted Birkenau-Auschwitz Photo Montage, wished us, apparently in tune with the school's spirit of promoting "tolerance," this much in one of his "academic" and "educational" emails (of March 15, 2005): i was sharing knowledge which i thought you might appreciate. 'may all your teeth fall out, except one: to give you a toothache.' you jerks ***The information challenged apparently is in regard to a possibility that a man identified as a "Dutchman" in the Auschwitz Album could, in fact, be the Polish Holocaust survivor Sigmund (Siggy) Boraks that currently resides in New Orleans and who was interviewed by Mr. Robinson. [What possible relevance Mr. Robinson's information has, of course, is anybody's guess.] An Open Invitation to Tulane University's President for a Response to the Hate Coming from Tulane (posted on April 10, 2005) The New Hate Parade Coming from Tulane Campus (May 9, 2006): An Open Letter to Dr. Scott S. Cowen, President of Tulane University Questioning the Association of Tulane University with Dr. Lance Hill's Southern Institute and the Source of Hate Coming from that Place Boston University Chancellor Responds to Holocaust Deniers' Ads in Campus Papers Senate Hearing focuses on anti-Semitism allegations at St. Cloud State University (USA) St. Cloud State sued over treatment of Jews St. Cloud State University and the MnSCU system were named in a lawsuit, alleging that SCSU faculty and administration have fostered an atmosphere of anti-Semitism on campus. St. Cloud State slapped with $1 million suit settlement Dr. Alan.Anderson's Selected Links for the students of Western Kentucky University (USA) studying the Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust Hateful Ideas Can Spread, But Also Be Refuted, on Internet by U.S. Law Professor Ronald Rychlak Antisemitism: A Wound to be Healed by Walter Cardinal Kasper, President, Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews. . .    4. Vatican and the Holocaust Christian Persecution of Jews Over the Centuries by Rev. John T. Pawlikowski, OSM, Ph.D. Professor of Social Ethics, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago Chair, Committee on Church Relations and the Holocaust, United States Holocaust Memorial Council The Vatican Concordat With Hitler's Reich by Robert A. Krieg, Professor of theology at the University of Notre Dame, USA. .Messengers of Christianity During the Holocaust Years GOD OF OUR FATHERS, YOU CHOSE ABRAHAM AND HIS DESCENDANTS TO BRING YOUR NAME TO TO THE NATIONS; WE ARE DEEPLY SADDENED BY THE BEHAVIOR OF THOSE WHO IN THE COURSE OF HISTORY HAVE CAUSED THESE CHILDREN OF YOURS TO SUFFER, AND ASKING YOUR FORGIVENESS WE WISH TO COMMIT OURSELVES TO GENUINE BROTHERHOOD WITH THE PEOPLE OF THE COVENANT. JOANNES PAULUS II J E R U S A L E M, 26 MARCH 2000 From USHMM: German Churches and the Nazi State Joseph Goebbels (far right) with Catholic clergy and Nazi officials. [Photo Credit: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek] Holocaust and the Churches: Resources for Research The Vatican's Holocaust --the Most Horrifying Religious Massacre of the 20th Century by Avro Manhattan What Is The Vatican Hiding? Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust The Church and the Third Reich The Price of History: Understanding the Legacy of Pope Pius XII The 'Holocaust' and Vatican Archives The Vatican Fails To Remember the Holocaust by Pierre Sauvage, Chambon Foundation Jewish Memoir Says Vatican Holocaust Files Incomplete Strain Continues for Vatican After Holocaust Study Jewish Group Responds To Vatican Holocaust Document Cardinal Keeler Strikes Back At Criticism Of Vatican On Holocaust Cardinal Says Mistrust, Polemics Doomed Holocaust Commission Text of Vatican Document on the Holocaust Vatican Repents Failure to Curb Killing of Jews Vatican Document Seeks to Weave Several Themes French Catholic Church Apologizes for Silence on Holocaust We Remember: A Christian Reflection on the Shoah A Christian Apology Selected Links on The Holocaust and the Catholic Church Vatican Directive Document Renews Debate On Vatican Role in WWII .. Pope Pius XII: Thou shalt not return Jewish babies to surviving parents. Letter Reveals Vatican Policy on [Jewish] Children of Holocaust Document Revives Debate about Vatican Stance on Jewish Children Protected During WWII Pope Pius XII told French Churches Not to Return Jewish War Babies Saving Jewish Children, but at What Cost? Postwar Vatican Directive Creates New Controversy The Jewish Children Who Were Rescued from the Convent -- Fifty Years After the Case of the "Finaly Children": The Personal Saga of Two Holocaust Children A Personal Look at the Finaly Children Affair Mormons Meet with Jews Over Baptizing Holocaust Victims Jewish-LDS Disagreement Over Baptism for the Dead Resolved Vatican Expresses Sorrow Over Holocaust, Defends Wartime Pope Pius XII Understanding the Vatican During the Nazi Period Vatican Still Refuses To Open Holocaust Records To Jewish Scholars Vatican Holocaust Claim Disputed The man who later became Pope John XXIII tried in vain to challenge the Vatican's perceived indifference to the Nazi Holocaust, a new study has found. Pope John XXIII, a Real Hero in Reconciling Christians and Jews. . .Krakow Church of 2008 Holds Service Under the Posters Proclaiming "The Kikes Will Not Continue to Spit on Us." Bishop Richard Williamson January 25, 2009: Pope Benedict Lifts Expulsion of Holocaust Denier, Bishop Richard Williamson Quotes from bishop Richard Williamson on the Holocaust: ... I believe there were no gas chambers; ... I believe only up to 300,000 Jews perished in the Nazi concentration camps, instead of 6 million; ... I believe that the historical evidence is hugely against 6 million having been deliberately gassed in gas chambers as a deliberate policy of Adolf Hitler. . Pope Removes Ban on British Holocaust Denier Bishop Forgiveness has its limits... Pope John Paul II greets World War II death camp survivor JerzyÝKluger 1998 Vatican Apologies Polish Church Apology Over The Holocaust The Vatican and the Holocaust: A Preliminary Report Submitted to The Holy See's Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews and the International Jewish Committee for Interreligious Consultations by the International Catholic-Jewish Historical Commission (October, 2000.)  . The Catholic Church in Poland and the Holocaust, 1939 - 1945 An examination of the behavior of the Polish Church leaders in Occupied Poland. From Yad Vashem --The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority . Christology after Auschwitz: A Catholic Perspective by Didier Pollefeyt, Ph.D., Faculty of Theology of the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium. "It can be called a drama of history that Jesus, who symbolizes the bond of unity between Jews and Christians, has all too often become the sign and the origin of dissension and even violence between these faith communities." Has God Forgiven the Nazis for the Holocaust? by Rev. Todd Baker, Zola Levitt Ministries Forgive Us Father, For We Have Sinned 2000: Pope John Paul II Prays for Holocaust Forgiveness Polish Church Apology Over Holocaust Anti-semitism and Holocaust Theology by Leon James, Ph.D. Interfaith Leaders Ponder Future of Jewish-Catholic Ties Is Forgiveness Possible?: A Jewish Perspective by Rabbi Albert Friedlander It Will Never Go Away... Never... by Paula R. Stern The Apology of the Church by Rabbi Berel Wein Forgive? Even on Yom Kippur Holocaust survivors say `No' We Shall Not Forget! -- We Shall Not Forgive! Forgiveness and the Holocaust Ask Forgiveness? Who, Us? By Gideon Levy . Current Focus on Dachau and its Protestant Church of Reconciliation: A Grotesque Display of Religion on the German Soil or Is it Something Else? . . Christians and the Holocaust By Sir Martin Gilbert, Jewish historian and biographer of Sir Winston Churchill, that gave a detailed account of Christians who rescued Jews during the Holocaust at an Annual General Meeting of the CCJ UK The Jewish-Christian Dialogue: Foundations, Progress, Difficulties and Perspectives by Walter Cardinal Kasper, President, Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews by Walter Cardinal Kasper Catholics and Jews Confront the Holocaust and Each Other     - The 1999 John Courtney Murray Lecture - Struggling with Forgiveness After the Holocaust: Case's Rosenthal professor explains Jewish position in dialogue Traditional belief is forgiveness cannot pass to next generation A Christian's Duty, 60 Yeas Later -- The Relevance and Application of Bonhoeffer's Ethic of 'Responsible Action' by John A. Moses Wartime Orthodox Jewish Thought About the Holocaust: Christian Implications by Gershon Greenberg God's Criterion for Judgement by Norbert Lieth The Holocaust and the Catholic Church's Search for Forgiveness by James Bernauer, S.J., Professor of Philosophy, Boston College, USA The Role of the Churches: Compliance and Confrontation by Victoria J. Barnett A Critique of the Vatican Statement on the Holocaust by Robert Anderson, Professor Emeritus of Old Testament Studies at Ormond College, University of Melbourne and an Ordained Minister of the Uniting Church in Australia. Catholics and Jews Confront the Holocaust and Each Other by Eugene J. Fisher, Ph.D. Suffering: Challenge to Faith, Challenge to God by Alice L. Eckardt, Professor Emerita of Religion Studies at Lehigh University, USA. During March 2000 Pope John Paul II made news by requesting forgiveness in the most significant confession to come from the Vatican. The Pope publicly asked forgiveness for the Church's sins involving Jews, women, heretics, and other maltreated groups. He unequivocally stated, "We forgive and we ask for forgiveness". The Holocaust was not mentioned nor were any other specific events, but simply the acknowledgement of wrongdoing was significant. http://www.smcm.edu/academics/soan/smp/jewish_resilience/catholic_church_asks_for_forgive.htm  Facing the Burden of German History: Report Details Catholic Role in Nazi Abuses Cardinal Karl Lehmann .. .Pictures from Der Spiegel of October 20, 1997 that Need No Commentaries: